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Python Paramiko模块与MySQL数据库操作
阅读量:5240 次
发布时间:2019-06-14

本文共 13937 字,大约阅读时间需要 46 分钟。

Paramiko模块批量管理:

通过调用ssh协议进行远程机器的批量命令执行.

要使用paramiko模块那就必须先安装这个第三方模块,仅需要在本地上安装相应的软件(python以及PyCrypto),对远程服务器没有配置要求,对于连接多台服务器,进行复杂的连接操作特别有帮助。

一、安装:

1:安装gcc和python-devel

yum install gcc  gcc-c++ python-devel      #安装所需环境

2:  paramiko依赖pycrypto模块,要先下载pycrypto安装

wget http://ftp.dlitz.net/pub/dlitz/crypto/pycrypto/pycrypto-2.6.tar.gz

解压后进入主目录执行下面命令:

python setup.py buildpython setup.py install

3:下载paramiko进行安装

wget http://www.lag.net/paramiko/download/paramiko-1.7.7.1.tar.gz

解压后进入主目录执行下面命令

python setup.py buildpython setup.py install

4: 修改配置

在python的命令行模式下面导入模块,进行测试:

import paramiko

结果提示错误如下:

Traceback (most recent call last):  File "
", line 1, in
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.7.1-py2.6.egg/paramiko/__init__.py", line 69, in
from transport import SecurityOptions, Transport File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.7.1-py2.6.egg/paramiko/transport.py", line 32, in
from paramiko import util File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.7.1-py2.6.egg/paramiko/util.py", line 32, in
from paramiko.common import * File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.7.1-py2.6.egg/paramiko/common.py", line 98, in
from Crypto import Random File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Random/__init__.py", line 29, in
from Crypto.Random import _UserFriendlyRNG File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Random/_UserFriendlyRNG.py", line 38, in
from Crypto.Random.Fortuna import FortunaAccumulator File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Random/Fortuna/FortunaAccumulator.py", line 39, in
import FortunaGenerator File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Random/Fortuna/FortunaGenerator.py", line 34, in
from Crypto.Util.number import ceil_shift, exact_log2, exact_div File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Util/number.py", line 56, in
if _fastmath is not None and not _fastmath.HAVE_DECL_MPZ_POWM_SEC:AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'HAVE_DECL_MPZ_POWM_SEC'

解决方法:

进入/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Util/number.py ,注解下面两行

#if _fastmath is not None and not _fastmath.HAVE_DECL_MPZ_POWM_SEC:# _warn("Not using mpz_powm_sec. You should rebuild using libgmp >= 5 to avoid timing attack vulnerability.", PowmInsecureWarning)

二、paramiko模块:

SSHClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

基于用户名密码连接:

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8import paramiko#记录日志paramiko.util.log_to_file('paramiko.log')  #创建SSH对象ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())# 连接远程主机ssh.connect(hostname='10.10.100.100',port=22,username='root',password='******')#执行命令(输入,输出,错误返回结果)stdin,stdout,stderr=ssh.exec_command('free -m')#读取stdout命令结果result = stdout.read()#输出并打印出结果.print result# 关闭连接 
SSHClient 封装 Transport:
import paramikoparamiko.util.log_to_file('paramilo.log')transport = paramiko.Transport(('10.10.100.110', 22))transport.connect(username='www', password='***')ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()ssh._transport = transportstdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th')print stdout.read()transport.close()
SSHClient 封装 Transport

三、使用Key连接远程:

本机生成key :ssh-keygen

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8import paramikoprivate_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/www/.ssh/id_rsa')  #本机私钥文件 # 创建SSH对象ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())# 连接服务器ssh.connect(hostname='ip', port=22, username='www', pkey=private_key)# 执行命令stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')# 获取命令结果result = stdout.read()# 关闭连接ssh.close()
import paramikoprivate_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/www/.ssh/id_rsa')transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))transport.connect(username='www', pkey=private_key)ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()ssh._transport = transportstdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')transport.close()
SSHClient 封装 Transport

SFTPClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

基于用户名密码上传下载:

1 import paramiko 2  3 transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname',22)) 4 transport.connect(username='www',password='****') 5 sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) 6 # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py 7 sftp.put('/tmp/parmiko1.py', '/tmp/test.py') 8 # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path 9 sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')10 11 transport.close()

基于公钥密钥上传下载:

1 import paramiko 2   3 private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/www/.ssh/id_rsa')  4 transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22)) 5 transport.connect(username='www', pkey=private_key ) 6 sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) 7 # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py 8 sftp.put('/tmp/paramiko1.py', '/tmp/test.py') 9 # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path10 sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')11 transport.close

Python paramiko模块使用实例:

#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8import paramikoprint """iplist.txt        10.10.100.127 user1 user1@123        10.10.100.128 user1 user1@123        10.10.100.129 user1 user1@123        10.10.100.130 user1 user1@123"""def param_login():        # paramiko.util.log_to_file('paramiko.log')        # s = paramiko.SSHClient()        # s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())        # try:        #         s.connect(hostname=ip,port=22,username=username,password=passwd)        #         stdin, stdout, stderr = s.exec_command('free -m')        #         print u"ip地址是%s的执行结果为:" %(ip),"\n",stdout.read()        # except:        #         return "None"        # s.close()        #SSHClient 封装 Transport:        paramiko.util.log_to_file('paramilo.log')        try:                transport = paramiko.Transport((ip, 22))                transport.connect(username=username, password=passwd)                ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()                ssh._transport = transport                stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th')                print u"\033[32;1mip地址是%s的执行结果为:\033[0m" %(ip),"\n",stdout.read()        except:                return "None"        transport.close()#用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载def sshftp():        transport = paramiko.Transport((ip,22))        transport.connect(username=username,password=passwd)        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)        # 将本地/tmp/目录下文件上传至服务器/tmp目录下并改名        sftp.put('/tmp/1.txt', '/tmp/2.txt')        # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path        #sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')        sftp.get('/tmp/2.txt','/tmp/2.txt')        transport.close()if __name__ == "__main__":        with open('iplist.txt','r') as userlist:                for i in userlist.readlines():  #循环读取文件                        m = i.strip()           #去除空行                        #print m                        ip,username,passwd = m.split()                        param_login()                        sshftp()
登录机器并执行命令
#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8import sysimport timeimport paramikoclass paramiko_ssh(object):    def __init__(self,hostname,username,passwd):        self.Hostname = hostname        self.port = 22        self.Username = username        self.Passwd = passwd    def ssh_login(self):        #SSHClient 封装 Transport:        paramiko.util.log_to_file('paramilo.log')        try:                transport = paramiko.Transport((self.Hostname, 22))                transport.connect(username=self.Username, password=self.Passwd)                ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()                ssh._transport = transport                stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th')                print u"\033[32;1mip地址是%s的执行结果为:\033[0m" %(self.Hostname),"\n",stdout.read()        except:                return "None"                time.sleep(3)                sys.exit()        transport.close()    #用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载    def sshftp(self):        transport = paramiko.Transport((self.Hostname,22))        transport.connect(username=self.Username,password=self.Passwd)        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)        #将本地/tmp/目录下文件上传至服务器/tmp目录下并改名        sftp.put('/tmp/1.txt', '/tmp/2.txt')        # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path        #sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')        sftp.get('/tmp/2.txt','/tmp/2.txt')        transport.close()if __name__ == "__main__":    with open('iplist.txt','r') as userlist:                for i in userlist.readlines():  #循环读取文件                        m = i.strip()           #去除空行                        #print m                        hostname,username,passwd = m.split()                        p = paramiko_ssh(hostname,username,passwd)                        p.ssh_login()                        p.sshftp()
通过类执行登录操作

Python的paramiko模块块基于SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作. 堡垒机就是基于盖模块而开发的.

实现思路:

堡垒机执行流程:

  1. 管理员为用户在服务器上创建账号(将公钥放置服务器,或者使用用户名密码)
  2. 用户登陆堡垒机,输入堡垒机用户名密码,现实当前用户管理的服务器列表
  3. 用户选择服务器,并自动登陆
  4. 执行操作并同时将用户操作记录

注:配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本,如:/usr/bin/python /home/www/menu.py

未完代写.........................

 

Python 操作 Mysql 模块的安装:

1 linux:2     yum install MySQL-python3  4 window:5     http://files.cnblogs.com/files/wupeiqi/py-mysql-win.zip

SQL基本使用

1、数据库操作

1 show databases; 2 use [databasename];3 create database  [name];

2、数据表操作

1 show tables; 2   3 create table students 4     ( 5         id int  not null auto_increment primary key,    #自动增长,主键 6         name char(8) not null, 7         sex char(4) not null, 8         age tinyint unsigned not null, 9         tel char(13) null default "-"10     );
CREATE TABLE `wb_blog` (     `id` smallint(8) unsigned NOT NULL,     `catid` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',     `title` varchar(80) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',     `content` text NOT NULL,     PRIMARY KEY (`id`),     UNIQUE KEY `catename` (`catid`) ) ;
View Code

3、数据操作:

1 insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values('www','man',18,'151515151')2  3 delete from students where id =2;4  5 update students set name = 'toom' where id =1;6  7 select * from students

4、其他

主键        主键是表里面唯一识别记录的字段,一般是id外键       外键是该表与另一个表之间联接的字段 ,必须为另一个表中的主键 用途是确保数据的完整性左右连接    分左连接,右连接,内连接

Python MySQL API

一、插入数据

import MySQLdb# 打开数据库连接conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')# 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标cur = conn.cursor()# 使用execute方法执行SQL语句 #reCount = cur.execute("create table UserInfo(id int,name varchar(20),nat varchar(30))") 创建表.reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',('toom','usa'))  #提交sql语句conn.commit()# 关闭数据库连接cur.close() conn.close()print reCount #execute(self, query, args)
#执行单条sql语句,接收的参数为sql语句本身和使用的参数列表,返回值为受影响的行数
executemany(self, query, args)
#执行单挑sql语句,但是重复执行参数列表里的参数,返回值为受影响的行数,可以一次插入多条值
import MySQLdbconn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')cur = conn.cursor()li =[     ('www','usa'),     ('toom','jpan'),]reCount = cur.executemany('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',li)conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close()print reCount
批量插入数据

注意:cur.lastrowid

二、删除数据:

import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')cur = conn.cursor()reCount = cur.execute('delete from UserInfo where id=1') conn.commit()  #提交数据cur.close()   #关闭游标conn.close()  #关闭数据库连接 print reCount

三、修改数据

import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb') cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute('update UserInfo set Name = %s',('alin',)) #reCount = cur.execute('update UserInfo set sex="man" where Name="alin"') 将Name名是alin的用户的sex改成“man”,set部分将改变. conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close() print reCount

四、查数据

# ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num)  ############################## import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute('select * from UserInfo') print cur.fetchone()print cur.fetchone()cur.scroll(-1,mode='relative')print cur.fetchone()print cur.fetchone()cur.scroll(0,mode='absolute')print cur.fetchone()print cur.fetchone() cur.close()conn.close() print reCount   # ############################## fetchall  ############################## import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')#cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute('select Name,Address from UserInfo') nRet = cur.fetchall() cur.close()conn.close() print reCountprint nRetfor i in nRet:    print i[0],i[1]    # ############################## fetchmany  ##############################import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')#cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute('select Name,Address from UserInfo')#读出表中的所有数据info = cur.fetchmany(reCount)for ii in info:    print iicur.close()conn.commit()conn.close()

cursor方法执行与返回值

cursor方法提供两类操作:1.执行命令,2.接收返回值 。

cursor用来执行命令的方法:

#cursor用来执行命令的方法: callproc(self, procname, args)      //用来执行存储过程,接收的参数为存储过程名和参数列表,返回值为受影响的行数execute(self, query, args)          //执行单条sql语句,接收的参数为sql语句本身和使用的参数列表,返回值为受影响的行数executemany(self, query, args)      //执行单挑sql语句,但是重复执行参数列表里的参数,返回值为受影响的行数nextset(self)                       //移动到下一个结果集#cursor用来接收返回值的方法:fetchall(self)                      //接收全部的返回结果行.fetchmany(self, size=None)          //接收size条返回结果行.如果size的值大于返回的结果行的数量,则会返回cursor.arraysize条数据fetchone(self)                      //返回一条结果行scroll(self, value, mode='relative')    //移动指针到某一行.如果mode='relative',则表示从当前所在行移动value条,如果mode='absolute',则表示从结果集的第一行移动value条rowcount                            //这是一个只读属性,并返回执行execute()方法后影响的行数

 

另附MySQL安装:

  yum库安装MySQL

  系统CenOS6.4

1.查看CentOS自带mysql是否已安装

yum list installed | grep mysql

2.若有自带安装的mysql,如何卸载CentOS系统自带mysql数据库?  

yum -y remove mysql-*

3.查看yum库上的mysql版本信息(CentOS系统需要正常连接网络)。

yum list | grep mysql 或 yum -y list mysql*

4.使用yum安装mysql数据库。

yum -y install mysql-server mysql mysql-devel

注:安装mysql只是安装了数据库,只有安装mysql-server才相当于安装了客户端。

5.查看刚安装mysql数据库版本信息。 

rpm -qi mysql-server

 

至此,MySQL安装完成!

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/saneri/p/5084229.html

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